Sensitive electrochemical sensor of levofloxacin using boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrode modified with Ti3C2TX (MXene) material

Authors

Prastika Krisma Jiwanti, Nanotechnology Engineering, Faculty of Advanced Technology and Multidiscipline, University of Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, IndonesiaFollow
Indah Harindy Putri, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Airlangga, Surabaya, 60115, Indonesia
Grandprix T.M. Kadja, Division of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha No. 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
Yasuaki Einaga, Department of Chemistry, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
Laurencia Gabrielle Sutanto, Nanotechnology Engineering, Faculty of Advanced Technology and Multidiscipline, University of Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
Siti Wafiroh, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Airlangga, Surabaya, 60115, Indonesia
Dewi Kartika Azizah Sukardi, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Airlangga, Surabaya, 60115, Indonesia
Anis Puspita Sari, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Airlangga, Surabaya, 60115, Indonesia
Tahta Amrillah, Nanotechnology Engineering, Faculty of Advanced Technology and Multidiscipline, University of Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
Ilma Amalina, Nanotechnology Engineering, Faculty of Advanced Technology and Multidiscipline, University of Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
Qonita Kurnia Anjani, School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen’s University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
Wan Jeffrey Basirun, Nanotechnology and Catalysis Research Center (NANOCAT), University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia

Abstract

Overuse of levofloxacin (LEV) is often associated with bacterial resistance and serious health problems, underscoring the need for reliable sensing and monitoring of LEV molecules. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate LEV using boron-doped diamond (BDD) and boron-doped diamond modified with MXene (Ti₃C₂T_X) (BDD-MXene) electrode. The successful deposition of MXene on the BDD surface was confirmed using scanning electron microscope (SEM). Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and square wave voltammetry (SWV) methods were also applied to evaluate the electrochemical behavior. The results showed that both electrodes had a linear response in the range of 30-100 µM. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ) were found to be 1.0 x 10^-6 M and 3.37 x 10^-6 M for bare-BDD, while on BDD-MXene, the values were 3.90 x 10^-7 M and 1.30 x 10^-6 M, respectively. Furthermore, both electrodes showed good responses on selectivity tests with glucose and another fluoroquinolone antibiotic such as ciprofloxacin. The results also indicated good precision with %RSD less than 5%. In real sample applications using wastewater, bare-BDD and BDD-MXene produced excellent %recovery of 92.96% and 101.29%, respectively.

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Recommended Citation

Jiwanti, Prastika Krisma; Putri, Indah Harindy; Kadja, Grandprix T.M.; Einaga, Yasuaki; Sutanto, Laurencia Gabrielle; Wafiroh, Siti; Sukardi, Dewi Kartika Azizah; Sari, Anis Puspita; Amrillah, Tahta; Amalina, Ilma; Anjani, Qonita Kurnia; and Basirun, Wan Jeffrey (2024) "Sensitive electrochemical sensor of levofloxacin using boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrode modified with Ti3C2TX (MXene) material," Journal of Food and Drug Analysis: Vol. 32 : Iss. 3 , Article 7.
Available at: https://doi.org/10.38212/2224-6614.3517

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