Abstract
Kumquat and calamondin are two small-size citrus fruits. Owing to their health benefits, they are traditionally used as folk medicine in Asian countries. However, the research on flavonoids and biological activities of kumquat and calamondin have received less attention. This review summarizes the reported quantitative and qualitative data of phenolic compositions in these two fruits. Effects of maturity, harvest time, various solvent extractions and heat treatment of phenolic compositions, and bioactivities were discussed; distributions of the forms of phenolic compounds existing in kumquat and calamondin were also summarized. Furthermore, biological activities, including antioxidant, antityrosinase, antimicrobial, antitumor, and antimetabolic disorder effects, have also been discussed. Effective phenolic components were proposed for a certain bioactivity. It was found that C-glycoside flavonoids are dominant phenolic compounds in kumquat and calamondin, unlike in other citrus fruits. Up to now, biological activities and chemical characteristics of C-glycoside flavonoids in kumquat and calamondin are largely unknown. © 2016
ScienceDirect Link
Recommended Citation
Lou, S.-N. and Ho, C.-T.
(2017)
"Phenolic compounds and biological activities of small-size citrus: Kumquat and calamondin,"
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis: Vol. 25
:
Iss.
1
, Article 15.
Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfda.2016.10.024
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 4.0 License.
Fulltext URL
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1021949816301879/pdfft?md5=6917071dd906596c31f8994c712962d3&pid=1-s2.0-S1021949816301879-main.pdf
Included in
Food Science Commons, Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutics Commons, Pharmacology Commons, Toxicology Commons
Abstract Image